How many urinary tract infections per year

Information from references 3 , 12 , 14 , 16 , and A short trial of an analgesic or anti-inflammatory medication for UTI symptoms can limit antibiotic use in willing patients when follow-up is assured. Delaying antibiotic treatment for urinary test results in patients with typical UTI symptoms is not recommended.

Prophylaxis with a cranberry product in premenopausal women or topical estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women may limit UTI recurrences and thereby limit antibiotic use, although data about cranberry use are conflicting. A meta-analysis suggested that symptomatic treatment alone, consisting of a one- to two-day course of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID , is an option in patients with appropriate follow-up because up to one-third of infections resolve spontaneously within one week, with no difference in rates of progression to pyelonephritis.

Delaying antibiotic treatment while awaiting urine dipstick or culture results can limit antibiotic use. However, compared with treatment based on self-diagnosis, this strategy is not preferred because it may increase the number of symptomatic days and cost of diagnosis.

Cranberries contain proanthocyanidins, which may prevent adherence of E. Data are conflicting about the effectiveness of cranberry products for preventing recurrent UTI in premenopausal women.

Appropriate dosing and formulation of cranberry products have not been determined. Dosages of 36 to 72 mg per day are being tested in an ongoing clinical trial. In postmenopausal women, treatment of atrophic vaginitis with topical estrogen formulations may decrease rates of UTI recurrence through effects on vaginal flora. Evidence for intravaginal and oral Lactobacillus probiotics, oral d -mannose, acupuncture, and immunoprophylactic regimens is sparse and conflicting, and further study is warranted.

Data Sources : A PubMed search was completed using the MeSH function with the key phrase recurrent urinary tract infections combined with at least one of the following terms: women, non-pregnant, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal.

The search included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and reviews. Search dates: October 1, , to February 14, The authors thank Margaret Freiberg for her assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the personal views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U.

Already a member or subscriber? Log in. Interested in AAFP membership? Learn more. Address correspondence to James J. Reprints are not available from the authors. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: a update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

Clin Infect Dis. Foxman B. Urinary tract infection syndromes: occurrence, recurrence, bacteriology, risk factors, and disease burden. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Gupta K, Trautner BW. Diagnosis and management of recurrent urinary tract infections in non-pregnant women. Raz R. Urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women. Korean J Urol. Recurrent urinary tract infections in healthy and nonpregnant women. Urol Sci. Risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infection in young women.

J Infect Dis. Family history and risk of recurrent cystitis and pyelonephritis in women. J Urol. A prospective study of risk factors for symptomatic urinary tract infection in young women. N Engl J Med. Recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. Effectiveness and safety of patient initiated single-dose versus continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for recurrent urinary tract infections in post-menopausal women: a randomized controlled study.

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Antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in non-pregnant women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.

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Can Urol Assoc J. Management of urinary tract infection in general practice: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Br J Gen Pract. Effectiveness of five different approaches in management of urinary tract infection: randomised controlled trial. Evaluation of the diagnostic workup in young women referred for recurrent lower urinary tract infections. Value of urologic investigation in a targeted group of women with recurrent urinary tract infections.

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Duration of antibacterial treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women. Three-day vs longer duration of antibiotic treatment for cystitis in women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. Certain medical conditions, such as bladder prolapse in women and enlarged prostate in men, cause incomplete bladder emptying in older adults. Urine that stays in your bladder too long can encourage bacteria to grow. Vasavada adds. There are about a half-dozen oral antibiotics that treat UTIs.

Sometimes a doctor will prescribe one drug, then switch to another after a urine culture identifies which bacteria is at work. Adjusting the medication can take time, and recurrent infections may occur in the meantime. For post-menopausal women, a vaginal estrogen cream may help reduce infections. If infections persist, your doctor may test for other health problems in the kidney, bladder or other parts of the urinary system. There are steps you can take to help reduce UTIs.

The most basic is to drink plenty of fluids. This encourages frequent urination and helps flush out bacteria. What about drinking cranberry juice to fight UTIs? Women and older adults are more at risk for recurrent urinary tract infections.

Use of antibiotics when not needed, can be tricky, and can lead to greater rates of bacterial antibiotic resistance. It should be noted that some individuals get a urinalysis result that shows bacteria, but the individuals are not having any symptoms of a UTI.

This event is common in older adults. If the individual has bacteria in their urine, but has no symptoms, treatment is not right. Treatment should be given to individuls who have bacteria and associated UTI symptoms. In closing, it should be noted that studies on cranberry juice and linked supplements are mixed. Some studies show that cranberry supplements can be helpful and other studies show that they don't help stop UTIs before they happen.

Be sure to read about the pros and cons of cranberry products, and decide if they're right for you. For now, practice these tips to lower your risk of getting a UTI.

Drink plenty of water. Urinate often. Don't hold it. Keep your genital area clean. Empty your bladder before and after sex. To read more on the purpose of your urinary tract, visit our Urinary Tract System article.

Read the latest issue of Urology Health extra, the Urology Care Foundations patient-focused magazine. This web site has been optimized for user experience and security, therefore Internet Explorer IE is not a recommended browser. Thank you. Print Save. UTIs in Children Roughly 2. Tips for Preventing UTIs 1.